SeniorPaws

Dogs often hide pain, but signs like limping, behavior changes, reduced activity, or unusual posture may signal discomfort and should be evaluated by a veterinarian.

Since dogs cannot verbalize pain, recognizing subtle signs is one of the most important responsibilities of a pet owner. Below is how to identify pain in dogs, common causes, and practical steps to help them.

Signs Your Dog Is in Pain

Dogs express pain differently from humans, through physical, behavioral, and mobility changes. These signs can be subtle, so always consult a vet if you notice anything unusual.

Physical Signs

• Muscle tension or twitching
• Shaking or trembling
• Hunched back posture
• Head held low, close to the body
• Panting without exertion

Behavioral Changes

• Reluctance to be touched or handled
• Excessive licking of a specific area
• Increased vocalization (whining, whimpering, crying, howling)
• Restlessness and inability to settle
• Aggression or irritability
• Altered sleeping patterns

Mobility Issues

• Limping or favoring a leg
• Slower movement or refusal to walk
• Reluctance to jump, climb stairs, or climb onto furniture
• Difficulty lying down or standing up

If your dog is diagnosed with arthritis, ask your vet about prescription pain relief such as Galliprant, a daily oral medication suitable for early signs of osteoarthritis.

Always consult a veterinarian for changes in behavior or mobility, as these may indicate serious medical or underlying conditions.

Common Causes of Pain in Dogs

Dog pain is classified as acute or chronic:

• Acute pain: Sudden onset from injury, trauma, or illness.
• Chronic pain: Long-term discomfort from conditions like arthritis or dental disease.

Common causes include:

• Bone and joint injuries
• Soft tissue damage (sprains, strains, bruising)
• Back and spinal issues
• Dental disease
• Ear, skin, or urinary tract infections
• Severe digestive discomfort
• Certain cancers
• Post-surgical recovery

How to Help a Dog in Pain

If you suspect your dog is in pain, there are several safe and effective steps you can take.

1. Visit a Veterinarian Immediately

Schedule an exam to identify the source of pain. For severe pain or emergency symptoms, seek urgent veterinary care right away.

Diagnostics may include X-rays, blood work, or ultrasound to determine the cause.

2. Adjust Physical Activity

Temporarily reduce or stop activities that cause discomfort. Simple daily adjustments include:

• Shorter, slower walks
• Using ramps or steps for cars and furniture
• Elevated food and water bowls for better posture
• Restricting running and jumping
• Providing a soft, supportive bed

3. Document Symptoms

Take photos or videos of your dog’s behavior at home, since symptoms may not appear at the clinic. Note when signs occur and what triggers them to help your vet make an accurate diagnosis.

4. Explore Veterinary Treatment Options

Work with your vet to choose appropriate pain management, which may include:

• Prescription medications (NSAIDs such as Galliprant)
• Surgery when necessary
• Physical rehabilitation, laser therapy, acupuncture, or chiropractic care
• Stem cell or regenerative therapies
• Massage, joint supplements, and hot/cold therapy

Important: Never give human pain medications to dogs without veterinary guidance — many are toxic and potentially fatal.

5. Ask Your Vet Questions

Discuss the following with your veterinarian:

• How will pain be managed before, during, and after treatment or surgery?
• Which therapies are most effective for my dog’s condition?
• Are supplements safe to help reduce pain?
• What home modifications can improve comfort?
• Are there additional treatments or specialist referrals available?

6. Advocate for Your Dog

You are your dog’s best advocate. Seek veterinary care at the first sign of pain, even if symptoms appear mild or temporary. Delayed care can lead to chronic issues or reduced quality of life.

For severe injuries or distress, visit an emergency veterinary clinic immediately.